epidemiology: Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health and disease in populations. This field of research focuses on understanding the patterns of disease occurrence, risk factors, and the effectiveness of interventions to improve public health. Universities offer programs in epidemiology that provide students with the knowledge and skills to analyze public health data, conduct research studies, and develop strategies for disease prevention and control. Graduates of these programs may work in various settings, such as government agencies, academic institutions, and non-profit organizations, to address public health challenges.